了解一下英式英语 & 美式英语的17个发音差异，英美音无缝切换不是梦！

2023-12-15 13:54| 来源: 网络整理| 查看: 265

二、音变

3、销魂音变之/æ/音

在/ss/, /st/, /th/, /ff/, /nce/, /s/, /l/, /m/, /n/等辅音之前的字母a，美国英语一般读作/ æ / 音，而英国音则发作/a:/。如：pass, last, path, staff, chance, castle, half, example, answer在美音中/a/音都会音变成/ æ /音。友情提示各位读者，calm和palm是例外，不发生音变。

4、销魂音变之/a/音

通常情况下，英音中短/ɒ/音在美音中基本音变成/a/音。例如：pot, box, watch, popular等在美音中都符合此发音变化规则。此变化规则简单易懂，可操作性强，当然前提是你有足够的单词积累以及单词敏感度，可以瞬间反应出单词中的短音/ɒ/，然后进行音变处理，如果你不具备此项功能，那么还是乖乖查字典积累单词吧！

5、销魂音变之短/ɒ/音

英音中长音/ɔ:/和短音/ɒ/有相当明显的发音区别，比如horse和hot在英音中的发音对比就十分鲜明。美音在此时对长音/ɔ:/进行了一个大胆变化，直接将长音/ɔ:/处理成了短音/ɒ/的发音方式，如pause在美音里的发音就趋同于pot在英音里的发音，talk在美音里的发音就趋同于tock在英音里的发音。聪明的你可能就会问，horse，pork也符合这种音变规则吗？笔者莞尔一笑，扔给你三个字加一个标点符号：不符合！Horse，pork这种在英音里面读作长音/ɔ:/，但是在美音里面却需要处理成卷舌音的单词就不需要折腾音变，正常发长音/ɔ:/，然后发好卷舌音就足够，可谓鱼和熊掌不可兼得。

6、低调省音之/j/音

字母u和字母组合ew出现在l, d, n, t, s, k 之后，美音会省略/j/音，只读/u/音, 而英音倾向读/ju/。如student会从/ˈstju:dnt/变成/ˈstu:dnt/。类似的单词还有stupid，opportunity，new，stew。

7、轻松省力之/ə/音

在弱读音节中（就是没有重音符号的音节啦），例如election，believe，below中的第一个音节，美式会把英式的/ɪ/读作/ə/，这样是不是很省力呢？

8、拼读差别之词尾“-ile”

词尾―ile 在美语中读作/əl/ 或 /l/,而英国人将这一词尾读作/ail/。如：hostile——/ˈhɑ:stl/(美)，/hɒstaɪl/（英）。Textile，mobile，missile，fragile，fertile等单词亦遵循该规则。但是smile， file，while，pile，mile，tile，bile等单词就不符合此项规则，英音和美音发音一致，都以/aɪl/结尾。

9、圆圆的/əʊ/音

英音中的/əʊ/音（美音写作/o/），专业术语称做合口双元音，换句话说，发此音的过程就是嘴唇由开到合：先是形成一个饱满的圆形，然后将这个圆形收缩成一个小圆，亦即合口。而到了美语里，这个变异了的/əʊ/音则是从一开始就固定在那个饱满的圆形上的，无后续的合口动作。嘴张圆，后吐气，发音就成了，千万别合口，直到/o/音发完了，嘴部肌肉才可松懈下来。相反英音中更强调嘴型从/ə/向/ʊ/音的过渡衔接，记住嘴型变化要到位！

10、美音多音素/h/

在以wh开头的单词中，英音和美音发音也有所差异。英音经常发/w/，美音则会多出一个音素/h/，发成/hw/。例如 wheel，white两个单词的英式音标分别为/wi:l/和/waɪt/，美式音标则写为/hwi:l/和/hwaɪt/。VOA有一档节目叫做“Words and Their Stories”，中文译作《词汇掌故》，节目中的播音员有时会出/hw/音，因为速度慢所以听得更清楚。

三、其他

11、词同元音发音不同

英语单词里面有一些词英式和美式的拼写以及词义都相同，但是发音却不同，这种不同和差异更多的是体现在元音音素上。Clerk的英式发音为/klɑ:k/，美式则为/klɜ:rk/。Leisure， epoch，neither，vase这些单词都是此类变化的典型代表，更有甚者，例如shone，就差得更远了。笔者想到一个关于clerk的笑话，是一位英国人和美国人简短对话。

美国人：What’s your job?

英国人：I’m a clerk.

美国人：Clock？Your job is to tick all day long?

各位看官，你们找到笑点了吗？

12、词同重音不同

同样的单词，英音和美音的发音在单词重音位置上也会有所差异。一些外来词例如debut /'deɪbju:/(英)，/deˈbju/(美)；cafe /ˈkæfeɪ/(英)，/kæˈfeɪ/；premiere/ˈpremieə/(英)，/prɪˈmɪr/(美)等单词的重音在英式英语和美式英语中就存在不同。Ancillary，corollary，cigarette，dictate，vibrate，garage，adult等词也有重音差别，笔者就不一一赘述，请读者自行查阅字典。

13、音节数量大不同

美式英语通常把非重读音节中的元音读出来，英式英语说话则省略词尾的音节。例如secretary/ˈsekrətri/(英),/ˈsɛkrə¸tɛri/(美)。Factory、history、extraordinary、interesting也有同样的发音变化，不信你查查看。

14、重音数量大不同

在英式发音中，多音节单词会有一个重读音节，其他音节都是弱读处理。美式发音则不同，多音节单词中除了有第一重读音节之外，还会有次重音，最后才是弱读音节。例如secretary/ˈsekrətri/(英),/ˈsɛkrə¸tɛri/(美)就体现了美音中的次重音存在。Dormitory和ceremony也有同样的次重音特征，编者友情提示，电子词典上一大部分单词没有显示次重音，请查纸质字典。

15、美式发音的弱化

美式英语一定程度上听起来不正式、散漫自由的很大一个因素就是它口语中存在很多缩读和弱化。看下面的正式语体和非正式语体对比表格你就知道原因了。

正式语体：Formal - Careful Speech: did you...? 、 do you want to...? 、have got to... 、should’ve、would’ve、could’ve、going to、kind of.

非正式语体：Informal - Relaxed Speech: joo、 wanna...?、 gotta...、shoulda、woulda、coulda、gonna 、kinda.

以上只是美语缩读弱化的一部分词组，还有很多编者考虑到文章篇幅长短就不列出来了，其实主要是编者太懒。你可以认为美国人懒、散漫，但是人家懒得有性格，懒得有特色！哦，对了，编者是学美式发音的。当然上表中有些例词，如should’ve，英美的差别，特别是正常/快速发音的情况下，基本是一样的，但是，wanna等在英式中很不常见。

16、速度

这是个很难讲的内容，因为速度这个东东是因人而异的，有人就是和笔者一样唇齿清晰，不管说哪种英语都可能很快，但是普遍、平均地讲，还是英式英语略快一点。

17、语调

英式英语的语调抑扬顿挫，调域（高低音之间的差距）之间变化较大；而美式英语的语调相对较为平稳，调域变化较小。在处理重读音节的读音和句子重读时，英式英语习惯加强重读音节、重读词或词组的读音，而对非重读的词或词组则常常一带而过。美式英语则不像英式英语那样加强重读词或词组。这也是英式英语听起来有腔有调、高冷端庄、方正规矩，而美式英语则散漫慵懒、柔和婉转、平易近人的重要原因。

附：1000个最常用英语单词

单词单词单词单词 the name open ten of very seem simple to through together several and just next vowel a form white toward in sentence children war is great begin lay it think got against you say walk pattern that help example slow he low ease center was line paper love for differ group person on turn always money are cause music serve with much those appear as mean both road I before mark map his move often rain they right letter rule be boy until govern at old mile pull one too river cold have same car notice this tell feet voice from does care unit or set second power had three book town by want carry fine hot air took certain word well science fly but also eat fall what play room lead some small friend cry we end began dark can put idea machine out home fish note other read mountain wait were hand stop plan all port once figure there large base star when spell hear box up add horse noun use even cut field your land sure rest how here watch correct said must color able an big face pound each high wood done she such main beauty which follow enough drive do act plain stood their why girl contain time ask usual front if men young teach will change ready week way went above final about light ever gave many kind red green then off list oh them need though quick write house feel develop would picture talk ocean like try bird warm so us soon free these again body minute her animal dog strong long point family special make mother direct mind thing world pose behind see near leave clear him build song tail two self measure produce has earth door fact look father product street more head black inch day stand short multiply could own numeral nothing go page class course come should wind stay did country question wheel number found happen full sound answer complete force no school ship blue most grow area object people study half decide my still rock surface over learn order deep know plant fire moon water cover south island than food problem foot call sun piece system first four told busy who between knew test may state pass record down keep since boat side eye top common been never whole gold now last king possible find let space plane any thought heard stead new city best dry work tree hour wonder part cross better laugh take farm true thousand get hard during ago place start hundred ran made might five check live story remember game where saw step shape after far early equate back sea hold hot little draw west miss only left ground brought round late interest heat man run reach snow year don't fast tire came while verb bring show press sing yes every close listen distant good night six fill me real table east give life travel paint our few less language under north morning among

单词单词单词单词 grand cat gentle truck ball century woman noise yet consider captain level wave type practice chance drop law separate gather heart bit difficult shop am coast doctor stretch present copy please throw heavy phrase protect shine dance silent noon property engine tall whose column position sand locate molecule arm soil ring select wide roll character wrong sail temperature insect gray material finger caught repeat size industry period require vary value indicate broad settle fight radio prepare speak lie spoke salt weight beat atom nose general excite human plural ice natural history anger matter view effect claim circle sense electric continent pair ear expect oxygen include else crop sugar divide quite modern death syllable broke element pretty felt case hit skill perhaps middle student women pick kill corner season sudden son party solution count lake supply magnet square moment bone silver reason scale rail thank length loud imagine branch represent spring provide match art observe agree suffix subject child thus especially region straight capital fig energy consonant won't afraid hunt nation chair huge probable dictionary danger sister bed milk fruit steel brother speed rich discuss egg method thick forward ride organ soldier similar cell pay process guide believe age operate experience fraction section guess score forest dress necessary apple sit cloud sharp bought race surprise wing led window quiet create pitch store stone neighbor coat summer tiny wash mass train climb bat card sleep cool rather band prove design crowd rope lone poor corn slip leg lot compare win exercise experiment poem dream wall bottom string evening catch key bell condition mount iron depend feed wish single meat tool sky stick rub total board flat tube basic joy twenty famous smell winter skin dollar valley sat smile stream nor written crease fear double wild hole sight seat instrument trade thin arrive kept melody triangle master glass trip planet track grass office hurry parent cow receive chief shore job row colony division edge mouth clock sheet sign exact mine substance visit symbol tie favor past die enter connect soft least major post fun trouble fresh spend bright shout search chord gas except send fat weather wrote yellow glad month seed gun original million tone allow share bear join print station finish suggest dead dad happy clean spot bread hope break desert charge flower lady suit proper clothe yard current bar strange rise lift offer gone bad rose segment jump blow continue slave baby oil block duck eight blood chart instant village touch hat market meet grew sell degree root cent success populate buy mix company chick raise team subtract dear solve wire event enemy metal cost particular reply whether lost deal drink push brown swim occur seven wear term support paragraph garden opposite speech third equal wife nature shall sent shoe range held choose shoulder steam hair fell spread motion describe fit arrange path cook flow camp liquid floor fair invent log either bank cotton meant result collect born quotient burn save determine teeth hill control quart shell safe decimal nine neck

以上就是关于英音和美音的发音区别的分析介绍。英音和美音没有高低之分，我们明确差异，尊重差异就可以了。纸上得来终觉浅，英语口语发音就是一件需要躬行的事情，理解与练习都不能少。还没get到重点的同学，可以多多看美剧英剧练习哦~返回搜狐，查看更多

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